October 1914. Birmingham, Alabama. "A typical Birmingham messenger." Photo by Lewis Wickes Hine. View full size.

Stephen Warren, 284 Main St., Indian Orchard. Has doffed all summer in Indian Orchard Mfg. Co. Quit a few days ago but expects to get another job soon. Says he will not go to school. Location: Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. September 1911. Photo by Lewis Wickes Hine. In a textile mill, the doffer removes the bobbins from a carding machine once they are full, having been wound with wool yarn or cotton thread. View full size.

September 1911. Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. "Clarence Noel, 138 Main Street, Indian Orchard. Doffer in Hodges Fibre Carpet Co. of Indian Orchard Mfg. Co. Said 'made seven dollars last week'." Clarence is in a number of other Indian Orchard photos here. View full size.

September 1911. Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. "Alfred Gengreau, 20 Beaudry Street; Joseph Miner, 15 Water Street. Both work in Mr. Baker's room. Indian Orchard Mill." Photo by Lewis Wickes Hine. View full size.

Young workers in front of Indian Orchard Mfg. Co. Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. September 1911. View full size.

Group in front of Indian Orchard Mfg. Co. Everyone in public was working. Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. September 1911. Uncropped full image.

Young workers in front of Indian Mfg. Co., Indian Orchard, Massachusetts. September 1911. Photo by Lewis Wickes Hine. View full size.

Machine used in mine that digs the coal and loads it on the car. With it three men can do the work of 50 in the old way. Yet they use boys to drive and trap. Gary, West Virginia. September 1908. View full size.

Bank Boss (on right), Brake Boy (in center). Laura Mine, Red Star, West Virginia. September 1908. View full size.

September 1908. Gary, West Virginia. "Drivers and Mules in a coal mine where much of the mining and carrying is done by machinery. Open flame on oil headlamps." View full size.

From the Web site of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission and the Museum of Anthracite Mining in Ashland:

October 1914. Mobile, Alabama. "Young newsboy who begins work at daybreak." View full size. Photograph by Lewis Wickes Hine.

Eugene Dalton, November 1913, Fort Worth, Texas. Some results of messenger and newsboy work. For nine years this 16-year-old boy has been newsboy and messenger for drug stores and telegraph companies. He was recently brought before the Judge of the Juvenile Court for incorrigibility at home. Is now out on parole, and was working again for drug company when he got a job carrying grips in the Union Depot. He is on the job from 6 a.m. to 11 p.m. (17 hours a day) for seven days in the week. His mother and the judge think he uses cocaine, and yet they let him put in these long hours every day. He told me "There ain't a house in 'The Acre' (red-light district) that I ain't been in. At the drug store, all my deliveries were down there." Says he makes $15 to $18 a week. View full size.

December 1910. "Shorpy Higginbotham, a 'greaser' on the tipple at Bessie Mine, of the Sloss-Sheffield Steel and Iron Co. in Alabama. Said he was 14 years old, but it is doubtful. Carries two heavy pails of grease, and is often in danger of being run over by the coal cars." Photograph and caption by Lewis Wickes Hine. View full size.