September 1908. Grafton, West Virginia. "Tipple Boy and Drivers. Maryland Coal Co. mine near Sand Lick. Boy with mule was afraid at first to be in the picture; another boy said he feared we might make him go to school." View full size. Photograph and caption by Lewis Wickes Hine.

November 1942. Bingham Canyon, Utah. "View of the Utah Copper Company open-pit mine works at Carr Fork, as seen from the railroad." Note the ore cars on the tracks into the pit. 4x5 Kodachrome transparency by Andreas Feininger for the Office of War Information. Library of Congress. View full size.

December 1910. Coal Creek, Tennessee. "Hard work and dangerous for such a young boy. James O'Dell, a greaser and coupler on the tipple of the Cross Mountain Mine, Knoxville Iron Co., in the vicinity of Coal Creek. James has been there four months. Helps push these heavily loaded cars. Appears to be about 12 or 13 years old." Photograph and caption by Lewis Wickes Hine. View full size.

November 1913. Beaumont, Texas. "Hard work and dangerous. River-boy Lyman Frugia poles the heavy logs into the incline that takes them up to the mill. It is not only hard work, but he is exposed to all kinds of weather and is dangerous too. Said he is 14 years old, has worked here several months, gets one dollar a day. Miller & Vidor Lumber Company." View full size. Photo by Lewis Wickes Hine.

November 1942. "American Smelting and Refining. Garfield, Utah." 4x5 Kodachrome transparency by Andreas Feininger for the OWI. View full size.

September 1938. Westover, West Virginia. Marion Post Wolcott and her intrepid camera head downstairs: "Miner takes shower, which he built in the cellar of his home." View full size. Medium-format negative, Farm Security Administration.

October 1939. "Copper miners on strike waiting for scabs to come out of the mines. Ducktown, Tennessee." View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Marion Post Wolcott for the Farm Security Administration.

October 1939. "Picketing. Copper miners on strike waiting for scabs to come out of the mines. Ducktown, Tennessee." View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Marion Post Wolcott for the Farm Security Administration.

"Safety sign in coal mine" circa 1915. View full size. National Photo Company.

July 1937. "Man who worked in Fullerton, Louisiana, lumber mill for 15 years. He is now left stranded in the cut-over area." View full size. 4x5 nitrate negative by Dorothea Lange for the Farm Security Administration.

1937. Salvaging coal from the slag heap at Nanty Glo, Pennsylvania. Coal pickers get 10 cents for each hundred-pound sack or two dollars a ton. One man can make from 10 to 20 sacks a day. View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Ben Shahn.

October 1935. Coal miners' houses in Omar, West Virginia. View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Ben Shahn for the Farm Security Administration.

October 1935. Miners at Calumet, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. 35mm negative by Ben Shahn for the Farm Security Administration. View full size.

October 1935. The coal mining center of Kimball, West Virginia. View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Ben Shahn for the Farm Security Administration.

October 1935. Workers coming off the job at Consolidated Coal in Jenkins, Kentucky. View full size. 35mm nitrate negative by Ben Shahn for the FSA.